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We are a specialty biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative treatments for diabetes that may be safer, more effective and more convenient for patients. We develop our product candidates by applying our proprietary formulation technologies to existing drugs in order to improve their therapeutic profiles. Our proprietary insulin formulations are designed to be more rapid-acting than the formulations currently available to Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes patients. We refer to these as "ultra-rapid-acting" formulations. Our glucagon formulations and presentations are designed to be stable at room temperature and are intended for use by caregivers with no medical training as a rescue treatment for diabetes patients experiencing severe hypoglycemia, or very low concentrations of blood glucose. Our most advanced ultra-rapid-acting insulin formulation, BIOD-123, combines recombinant human insulin, or RHI, with our proprietary combination of excipients to increase the rate of absorption following injection when compared to other commercially available insulin formulations, including "rapid-acting" mealtime insulin analogs such as Humalog®, marketed by Eli Lilly, Novolog®, marketed by Novo Nordisk and Apidra®, marketed by Sanofi-Aventis. We are also using our proprietary excipients to develop ultra-rapid-acting insulin analog-based formulations using either insulin lispro, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Humalog®, or insulin aspart, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in NovoLog®. An earlier RHI-based formulation known as Linjeta™ (and previously referred to as VIAject®) was the subject of a New Drug Application, or NDA, that we submitted to the FDA in December 2009. In October 2010, the FDA issued a complete response letter stating that the NDA for Linjeta™ could not be approved in its submitted form and that we should conduct two new Phase 3 clinical trials using our preferred commercial formulation of Linjeta™ prior to re-submitting the NDA. Based upon the complete response letter and subsequent feedback that the FDA provided, we decided to develop newer RHI-based formulations with the goal of identifying a formulation with a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile similar to Linjeta™, but with improved injection site toleration characteristics. From January 2011 to April 2012, we studied several such newer formulations, including BIOD-123, in Phase 1 clinical trials. In these trials, we used Humalog® as the comparator drug rather than the comparator drug we used in our Phase 3 Linjeta™ clinical trials. In our Phase 3 clinical trials, the comparator drug was Humulin® R, an RHI-based insulin formulation marketed by Eli Lilly that is less rapid-acting than the insulin analog Humalog®. BIOD-123 achieved our target pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and injection site toleration profiles for a candidate RHI-based formulation in a Phase 1 clinical trial completed in April 2012, and in the third calendar quarter of 2012 we began enrolling patients in a Phase 2 clinical trial of BIOD-123. The Phase 2 clinical trial of BIOD-123 was a randomized, open label, parallel group study conducted at 32 investigative centers in the United States. In the trial, 132 patients with Type 1 diabetes were randomized to receive either BIOD-123 or Humalog® to use as their mealtime insulin during an 18-week treatment period. Both arms of the study used insulin glargine, sold as Lantus®, as the basal insulin. The clinical trial was designed to evaluate the mean change in patients` glycosylated hemoglobin, or HbA1c, levels from baseline as the primary endpoint, and secondary endpoints included postprandial glucose excursions, glycemic variability, hypoglycemic event rates and weight changes. The Phase 2 clinical trial of BIOD-123 completed patient dosing in the second calendar quarter of 2013, and in September 2013 we announced preliminary results from the trial. BIOD-123 achieved the primary endpoint of noninferiority for HbA1c relative to Humalog®. The mean HbA1c change from baseline in the BIOD-123 group was -0.08 ± 0.064% and -0.25± 0.063% in the Humalog® group. The 95% confidence interval (-0.01, 0.35) of the between group differences in change from baseline HbA1c did not exceed the FDA-designated threshold of 0.40%, thereby establishing non-inferiority. We expect to provide an update on our further development plans for BIOD-123 after completing our analysis of the data from the Phase 2 clinical trial and following discussions with FDA on clinical trial design, safety and chemistry, manufacturing and controls relating to potential future studies. In addition to BIOD-123, we have other RHI-based formulations in earlier stages of development. In particular, we are developing ultra-rapid-acting formulations of concentrated insulin that are characterized by a rapid onset of action and a prolonged duration of action. We believe these formulations could address an unmet medical need for an insulin with an initial rate of absorption superior to that of existing concentrated insulins and prandial/basal pre-mixed insulins. In November 2013, we announced that we had initiated a Phase 1 clinical trial with BIOD-531, our lead candidate for an ultra-rapid-acting concentrated insulin formulation. BIOD-531 contains 400 units of RHI per milliliter (instead of the standard 100 units per milliliter), and is formulated with EDTA, citrate and magnesium sulfate. In preclinical studies in diabetic swine, BIOD-531 demonstrated a more rapid rate of absorption and onset of action, along with a similar duration of action, when compared to Humulin® R U-500, a presentation containing 500 units of RHI per millimeter. In other preclinical studies, BIOD-531 also demonstrated a more rapid rate of absorption and onset of action when compared to Humalog® pre-mixed prandial/basal formulations. In the Phase 1 clinical trial of BIOD-531, we will evaluate and compare the onset of action of BIOD-531 to Humulin® R U-500 and to Humalog® prandial/basal pre-mixed insulin. We anticipate reporting top line data from the clinical trial in the first calendar quarter of 2014. We also continue to develop ultra-rapid-acting insulin analog-based formulations. In January 2013, we announced top-line results from our Phase 1 clinical trial of two insulin analog-based formulations, BIOD-238 and BIOD-250. These formulations, which were manufactured using commercial preparations of Humalog®, generally use the same or similar excipients as BIOD-123 and were intended to be optimized for rapid absorption and injection site toleration. The trial, which was conducted in Australia, was designed to compare the pharmacokinetic and injection site toleration profiles of BIOD-238 and BIOD-250 relative to Humalog®. In the trial, both formulations met our target pharmacokinetic profile for an ultra-rapid-acting insulin analog-based formulation, and BIOD-250 met our target injection site toleration profile. We do not expect to study these formulations in additional clinical trials because they were formulated by adding our proprietary excipients to the marketed formulation of Humalog® and because they do not demonstrate stability characteristics consistent with our target product profile. Accordingly, we are continuing our insulin analog-based formulation work to develop formulations using insulin lispro as the active pharmaceutical ingredient, rather than a marketed presentation of Humalog®. In addition to our ultra-rapid-acting insulin formulation program, we are developing room temperature stable glucagon presentations for use as a rescue treatment for diabetes patients experiencing severe hypoglycemia. In June 2013, we announced plans to develop a novel glucagon rescue product to treat severe hypoglycemia using a proprietary device from Unilife Corporation. The device, which is being customized for use in emergency situations by patient caregivers with no medical training, is a dual-chamber design that reconstitutes lyophilized glucagon with a liquid diluent immediately prior to injection, and it features automatic needle retraction on full dose delivery. We expect to submit an Investigational New Drug application to the FDA for our dual-chamber glucagon rescue product during the next nine months and anticipate conducting a pivotal clinical trial in the second half of 2014. We are also conducting preclinical testing to develop liquid formulations of glucagon for hypoglycemic rescue and other indications.
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